Superheater.



PATENTED APR; 2, 1907.

- F. J. COLE. SUPERHEATER. APPLIOATIOIT FILED SEPT. 14, 1906.

4 BHEETBBHEBT 1.

' PATENTED APR. 2, 1907.

F. J. COLE.

SUPERHBATBR. APPLICATION FILED SEPT.14.190B.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

PATENTED APR. 2, 19 07.

V F. J. COLE. SUPERIHJATER.

- nrmuumn FILED snn.14.19oe.

l SHEETS-SHEET 3.

Witnesses PATENTE-D Ari. 2, I907.

15' J. coma. SUPERHEATER.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 14,1906.

4 SHEETS-SEEET 4.

. WITH E8858 UNITED sTA'pas; PATENT OFFICE.

FRANCIS J. COLE, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO AMERICAN LOCOMO- TIVECOMPANY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

SUPEHHEATEFI.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented April 2, 1907.

Application filed September 14,1906. Qerial No. 334,663.

To all whom zit may concern.-

'Be it knownthat I, FRANCIS J. COLE, of the borough of Manhattan, in thecity and State of New York, have invented a certain new and usefulImprovement in Steam-Boiler Superheaters, of which improvement thefollowing is a specification.

My present invention relates to superheaters of the general class ortype in which the superhcater-pipes are located in firetubes of asteam-boiler, ah instance of which I is exemplified. Letters Patent ofthe United States No. 765,307, granted and issued to. the AmericanLocomotive Company, as my assignee, under date of July 19, 1904.

The object of my invention is to provide asupcrheatercf such generaltype wl'iich shall embody as characteristic features of improvcment asubstantial reduction in the number of joints required to be made andmaintained. steam-tight; capability of ready removal and replacement ofone or more pairs of superheatcrpipes without interference with theremainder of the appliance; cap ability of removal and replacement ofany one or more of a set of vertical headers for renewal or repairs ofthe boiler-tubes in front of which they are located without disturbingother parts; tight and secure connections between the'superheater pipesand headers, and

exemption from any perceptible. degree of cooling of the superheatedsteam by the action thereon of saturated steam during the passage of thelatter from the boiler to and through the superheating appliances.

The improvement claimed is hereinafter fully set forth. v

.In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1' is a vertical longitudinalsection through the forward portion of a locomotive-boiler, illustratingan application of my invention; Fig. 2, a vertical transverse sectionthrough the smoke-box, showing the headers at the right side of thefigure in elevation, two of those toward the left portion partly insection and one header at the left side removed and the adjoining headerbroken away, disclosing the front ends of the superheating-tubes; Fig.3,

,a view in vertical transverse section, on an enlarged scale, ofthelower portions of two adjoining headers; Fi 4 a front view, partly inelevation and part y in section and on an enlarged scale, of the T-head;Fig. 5, a horiz gnta section through two adjoining headers large-dscale, of portions of three adjoiningheaders, showing, partly insection, the superheater-plpcs connected thereto and Fig. 7, a sideview, on the same scale, of a portion of *aheader, showing a lateral,ear or connection chamber thereof and its connections in section.

My invention is herein, as'in Letters Patent N 0. 765,307 aforesaid, setforth as applied in connection with a locomotive-boiler 4:, which is ofthe ordinary construction, and is provided at its forward end with asmokebox 4. A plurality of fire-tubes-d ordinarily of comparativelysmall diameter, extend from the lire-box at the rear end of the boiler,which is not shown, to thefront flue-sheet 4 and the products ofcombustion pass through said tubes and through a numberof tubes 67 oflarger diameter, which are locatedin the upper and middle portion bf thespace within the boiler and which will be herein jdescri tively termedsuperheatingtubes tot e smoke-box 4 from which" they are discharged intothe atmosphere through a stack in the ordinary manner. Steam'is'supplied from the boiler to the cylindersthrough a main steam-pipe ordry pipe 61, passing through the front flue-sheet 4 and connected infront thereof to atransverse T head 62 62 from which. it is conductedthrough superheaterepipes 69, which with their connections will bepresently described, and afterbeing superheated in said pipes passes tothe cylinders through branch steam-pipes 63, located on opposite sidesof the smoke-box.

In the practice of my invention I locate in each of thesuperheating-tubes 67 one or more pairs (preferably, asShOWIlyflJlllPPGI and a lower pair) of superheaterpipes 69, said ipesextending longitudinally in the super .eatingtu'bes from a verticalplane ashort distance-say thirty inches or thereabout--forward of thefire-"box flue-sheet.

to vertical planes in the smoke-box forward of the front flue-sheet. Thesuperheaterpipes of each pair-arc connected in U form at their rearends, as by a return-bend 69 and are held up in normal position in thesuperheating-tubes by any suitableand preferred supportsas, for example,those set forth in Letters Patent of-the- United States,

' No. 782,489, granted to American Locomo- 1905. at their forward 61 andthe branch locatedbelow the front portion of the supplyfront portion'ofthe supply-compartment 62 heated steam headers are respectivelyheatingtubes 67..

- compartment 62 ably secured thereto by,

tive Company, as my assignee, February 14, The superheater-pipes 69 areopen ends, at which they,...communicate, throu h connections hereinafterdescribed, with tie main steam-supply pipe or delivery steam-pipes 63,respectively, so as to constitute continuous avenues or channelsthroughout the length 9f which the steam which is to be superheatedtraverses from the supply steam-pipe to the branch or deliverysteampipes.

The T-head is, as heretofore, located in front of the upperportion ofthe front of the sheet 4 and comprises a supply-compartment 62, to themiddle of which the main supply steam-pipe or dry pipe 61 is connectedin they usual manner, and a-deliverycompartment 62, which in thisinstance is compartmentan'd is separated therefrom by a partition-wall,which may, if preferred, be made double, so as to provide an interveningspace for preventing transfer of heat from one compartment to the other.The branch or delivery steamzpipes 63 are connected to the ends of theehvery-compartment 62.

Aplurality of vertical headers 7 O extend downwardly saturated steamfromthe of the T-heald and a plurality of vertical superheated-steam headers70, tially similar in form, but of different length, extend downwardlyfrom the front ortion of the delive -compartment 62 of the T-head. Thesaturated andsuperia ternated in position across the front .0 theT-head, and the centralplanes of'the headers are located on oppositesides of the central planes of the vertical rows of super- The headers70 70 are each independently insertible on and; removable from theT-hejad and are detachbolts 71. Ports 62 in the'front wall of thesupplycompartment 62 ofthe T-hefil registerwith corresponding "orts inthe rear walls of the saturatedsteam headers 70 at the tops thereof, andports 62 in the front ,wall of the deliveryof the T-head register withcorresponding ports in the rear walls lent attachment of thesuperheated-steam headers '70 at the tops thereof.

' The connectionof the ends of the steamsuperheatin'g channels formed bythe super heater-pipes 69 to the saturated and the superheated steamheaders, respectively, in such manner as, to effect number of steam-tiht joints, insure tight joints, and admit o the ready andconvenanddetachment of any one or more pairs of superheater-pi es toandfrom'the headers, is a leading an si es.

substanthe pi e-collars are adjuster more clearly appear zontal section,

connected to the rear ends of saturated and a superheated steam header,

a reduction in the struction herein exemplified as desirably adapted forthe attainment in practical and regular service of the results abovestated is as follows,

Lateral tubular ears or connection-chambers 7O are formed integral withthe body of each of the saturated, and superheated steam headers 70 70?,said ears being so disposed in number and location on the severalheaders that there shall be an ear. on each header in advance of each ofthe several superheatihg-tubes 67, which adjoin said header. Thus,- fromFig. 2, the two outer superheatedsteam headers 7 0 are provided with twoears on their inner sides in advance of the two adjoiningsuperheating-tubes and have no ears on their outer sides,there being nosu erheating-tube's adjoining them on those All of the intermediateheaders, each of them being located between two vertical rows ofsuperheating-tubes, are provided with ears on both sides, the earscorresponding in number and location on the headers with the adjoiningsuperheating-tnbes.

The ears 70" are 0 en at their front and rear ends, at which t ey arerecessed, to receive a suitable packing, (which in this instance isshown as a copper ring 70,) against which packings collars 69 on thefront ends of the pairs of sriperheater-pi es 6Q abut, and and held to atight eari onthe packings by rocking or curved-face glands orfollowers70, lit-ting against the pipe-collars and connected by bolts70, extending above and below the as will be seen 1 ears and providedwith nuts 70 on their' ends. The forward end of one of the pipes of eachpair of superheateripes is connected in the manner above described to anear 70*" on one'ofthe saturated-steam headers 70-, and the'forward' endof the other pipe of the pair is similarly connected to an adjacent earon one' of the superheated-steam headers 7 O. The provision forthe'traverse of steam through the sdperheateripes from the satu rated tothe superheata steam headers will byreference to the horiig. 5, fromwhich it will also be seen that the superheater-pipes of the lower pairin each superheati'ngtube are the ears of-a respectively, while thepipes of the upper air in the same tube are connectedto the. out ends ofthe same earsl The pipes of theupper pairs are bent downwardly andrearwardly in to bring their ends into line axially with the ears andare also bent outwardly or away fromthieentral plan of the vertical rowsof superheating-ltubes, o as to leave .,of-..the con clear spaces are 1,0 nuts I necting-bol ta 70 p!- the app 'cationofa froht of the ears inorder wrench in screwing them saturate I negate bea r on the ad acent.glands The plugs s own in the lower ends of the headers are providedmerely for closing the openings left therein in coring them and-are notin-. tended to be removed; the use ofthelapplian'ce. The connection ofthe super-heaterpipes to the headers in the manner above described hasthe further advantage of enabling the front openings in the headers andtheir removable closing-plugs, which have been used in several pr1orconstructions of the general type to which my invention relates, to beentirely dispensed with.

In operation saturated steam from the boiler passes through the dry pi e61 into the supply-compartment 62 of t 1e T-head and thence into the setof communicating saturated-steam headers 70, from which it passes, firstrearwardly and then forwardly, through the airs of'connectedsuperheaterpipes 69 ant? thence into and through the communicatingsuperheated-steam headers 70, being in its traverse through the headersand superheater-pipes thoroughly superheated by the hot products ofcombustion which pass through the superhcatin -tubes inclosing thesuperheater-pipes and through the smoke-box. The superheated steam assesfrom the superheated-steam headers 70 into theeommunicating deliverycompartment 62 of the T-head and thence through the branch steam-pipes63 to the engine-cylinders for utilization therein.

It will be obvious to those familiar with locomotiveboiler constructionand operation that the assembling and taking down of the entiresuperheating appliance and the re moval and insertion of any desiredpart or parts thereof as may from time to time become necessaryordesirabl'e are greatly facilitated by the provision of theindependently attachable and detachable vertical headers and theconnection of the superheater-pi es to lateral tubular ears on the d andsuperheated steam-headers alternately in the manner herein set forth.Any of the headers and its connected ipes may be readily taken down andre aced Without disturbing the remainder of t e apparatus in caserenewal or rep air of a boiler tube or tubes behind such header shouldbe required, and by merely removing four bolts any pair ofsuperheat'er-pipes can be withdrawn without interference with any partof the appliance exterior to the superheating tube on which said pair ofpipes is located.

The number of joints is substantially reduced as comparedwith priorconstructions, and the improved manner of connecting the suplerheaterpipes to the} headers enables tig t joints at these connections to beeilectual y made and maintained.

be seen that as the saturated and super heated steamheaders, arecompletely sepato' ithe required It Will further rated and as noopportunity ijdi ,transfer of heat from the superheatedto'the saturatedsteam is afforded except throu bout the limited area of thepartition-wail which separates the two compartments of the T-head.

(which wall may, as before stated, be made double, if desired, with anintervening airspace) no perceptible or substantial loss of heat fromsuch transfer will be found in ractice. The form and location ofthe"headersare also such as to expose a'large area of .ef-- fectiveheating-surface to the action of the hot products of combustion passingthrough the smoke-box.

I claim asmy invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent a 1. Thecombination, with a tubular steam boiler, of a T-head dividedinto-supply and delivery compartments, a vertical saturated" steamheader and a vertical-superheatedsteam header communicating,respectively, With the supply'and the delivery compartments, anda pairof superheater pipes com municating at their forward ends with thesaturated and the superheated steam headers, respectively, connectedlaterally to said. headers.

2. The combination, with a tubular steamboiler, of a T-head divided intosupply and.

delivery compartments, a vertical saturatedsteam header and a verticalsuperheatedsteam header, each extending downwardly from theT-head,'and'communicating, respectively, with the supply and thedelivery compartments thereof, and a pair of superheater-pipescommunicating at their forward 1 ends with the saturated and thesuperheated steam headers, respectively.

3. The combination, with a tubular steamboiler, of a T-head divided intosupply and delivery compartments,- a' vertical saturatedsteam header anda vertical s u erheated steam header independently and etachablyconnected to said T-head and communicatin. respectively, with the supply,and the de ivery compartments thereof, an d a air of superheater-p pescommunicating at t eir IIO forward ends with the saturated and thesuperheated steam-headers, respectively.

4; The combination, with a tubular steam-- boiler, of a Turead dividedinto supply and delivery compartments, a vertical saturatedstcam headerand a vertical su' erheatedsteam header communicating wit the sup" plyand the delivery compartments, respectively, a superheating-tubc locatedbeloW' the T-head, and a pair of superheater-pipes extending in thesuperhoatingtube, and conunumcating,through lateral connections, withthe saturatedesteam header and the su erheated-steai header Jectivel 5.The combination, with a tubular steam?" boiler, of a T-head divided'intosupply and delivery compartments, a vertical saturated steam header anda vertical superheated- I steam header communicating with the supply andthe delivery compartments respectively, superheatingtubes located belowthe Thead, pairs of superheateripes extending in the superheatin -tubes,an lateralconnecpipeslocated in the superheating-tubes and connected attheir front ends to ears-on a saturated and a superheated-steamheader,

I Go

= tubes an respectively. a

7 The combination, with a tubular steamboiler, of a T-head divided intosupply and delivery compartments, superheating-tubes,

vertical saturated-steanr headers communieating with and connecteddetach-ably to the supply-compartment and havin lateral tubular ears,vertical superheate steam headers communicating with and connected.

detachably to the delivery compartment having lateral tubular ears, andpairs of superheater-pi es located in thesuperheatingconnected at theirfront ends'to ears on a saturated and a superheated steam header,respectively.

8. The combination, 'with a'tubular steamboiler, of a T-head dividedinto supply and deliverggcompartments, a vertical saturatedeader and avertical superheated-' steam 5 steam header communicating, respectively,with the supply and the delivery compart ments, a pair of su erheater-piescommunicating at their '45 orwarden s with the saturated and thesuperheated steam headers, respectively, and connected to the rear endsof lateral tubular ears on said headers,

anda pair of superheater-pipes communicating at their forward ends withthe saturated-and the superheated steam headers, res ectively, and beingbent downwardly and rearwardly and connected tothe front ends of lateraltubular ears on said headers.

9. The combination, with a tubular steamboiler, of vertical rowsofsuperheating-tubes, pairs of su erheater-pipes extending lon itudinallyt rein, fittings connecting t e ends of the pipes of each pair nearerthe thebox, a main steam-supply pipe, a steam-delivery pipe, a pluralityof vertical saturatedsteam headers and vertical superheatedsteamheaders, disposed; in alternated position, in advaricepf thesuperheatingtubes, and communicating with the steam-supply pipe and withthe steam-delivery pipe, re'speclateral tub'u ar ears, vertical supertively, and connections cou ling the forward ends of each pair ofsuperheater-pipes to a saturated-steamheader and to a superheatedsteamheader, respectively, upon the sides of said headers.

10. The combination, with a tubular steamboiler, of ,a plurality ofsaturated -steamheaders, each communicating with a steamsupply pipe, aplurality of, alternately-disposed superheated-steam headers, eachcommunicatmg with a steam-deliver pipe, all of said headers'being formedwith ateral tubula'r ears or, connecti.on-chambers, a plurality of pairsof superheater-pipes, and connections cou ling-the forward ends of eachpair of suer eater- 'pes to ears-on-a saturated-steam eader an asuperheated-steam header, re-' spectively, I

1 1. The eombination, with a'tubular steamboiler, of a plurality ofsaturated-steam hea'ders, each communicating with. a steamsupply pipe, aplurality of alternately-dis posed superheated-steam headers each'communicating with a steamwdelivery pipe, all of said headers beingformed with open-ended lateral tubular ears .or connectiomchambers,aplurality of airs of superheateripes having their forwar ends 'cou ledto t e rear ends of cars on fa saturate and a superheated steam header,res ecti-vely, and a plurality of pairs of super eater-pipes havingtheir forward ends coupled to the forward ends of ears on a saturatedand a superheated steam header, respectively. 12; In a steam-boilersuperheater, the

combination of a vertical casing or headerhaving an upper port oropening for communication with a T-head compartment and lateral tubularears or connection-chambers, and superheateripes connected to saidlateral connection-chambers.

13. In a steam-boiler superheater, the combination of a vertical casingor header having an upper port or opening for communication with aT-head compartment and lateral open-endedtubular ears or copnec-'tion-chambers, superheater pipes having strai ht ends connected to therear ends of said ateral connection-chambers, and superheater-pipeshaving downwardly and rearwadly bent ends connected to the forward endsof said lateral connection-chambers.

14. In a steam-boiler superheater, the combination of a vertical casingor header having an upper port or opening for commu. nieation with aT-head compartment and,

lateral open-ended tubular ears or connectionchambers, superheater-pipesregistering with the open ends of the lateral connectionchambers,packing interposed between said cham-' bers and the ipe ends, glands orfollowers bearing on co are on the ipes, and bolts connecting saidglands or fo owers.

15. In a steam -boiler superheater, the. I

combination of a vertical casing or header having an upper portoropening for communication with a T-head compartment and lateralopen-ended tubular ears or connecboiler superheaters which are-connectedat tion-chambers rovided with end recesses, packing inserte in saidrecesses, superheaterpipes registering with the open ends of the lateralconnection-chambers and bearing on the packing, glands or followersbearing on collars on the pipes, and boltsconnccting said glands orfollowers.

16. In a steamboiler superheater, the

combination .of a vertical casing or header having an upper port oropening for communication. with a T-head compartment and lateralopen-ended tubular ears or connection-chambers, superheater-pipesregistering with the open ends of the lateral connectionchambers,packing interposed between said chambers and the pipe ends, rocking orcurved-faced glands or followers bearing on collars on the pipes, andbolts connecting said glands or followers.

17. In a steam boiler superheater,- the combination of a vertical casingor header having an upper port or opening for communication with a'T-head compartment and lateral open-ended tubular ears orconnectionchambers, superheater-pipes having straight ends registeringwith the 0 en rear ends of the lateralconnection-chain ers,superheater-pipes having downwardly, rearwardly and outwardly bent endsregisterin with the open'forward ends of the latera connection-chambers,glands or followers bearing on collars on the pipes, and boltsconnecting said glands, the bolts adjoining I the bent ipes beingcleared for access by the outward ends of said pipes.

18. A vertical casing or header for steam-- boiler superheaters havingan upper port or opening for communication with a T head compartment,and lateral tubular ears or connection-chambers which are open at boththeir forward and rear ends for connection compartment, and lateraltubular ears or connection-chambers which are open at both their forwardand rear ends for connection with the forward ends of superheater-pipescompartments to which the saturate and are recessed at their ends forthe redep- I:

tion of packing.

20. A pair of superheater-pipes for steamtheir rear ends in U form, andhaving one of their forward ends straight and the other bent in U form,both ends being provided with collars for connection to headers.

21. A pair of superheater-pipes for steamboiler superheaters which areconnected at their rear ends in-U form, and provided with collars ontheir forward ends for connection.

to headers, and are bent in U form downsaid saturated and ssuperheatedments, and a plurality of pairs of superheater-pipes, the forward endsof each of which are connected to the sides of a saturated and asuperheatedsteam header, respectively.

23. In a steam-boiler superheater, the combinationof a verticalcasmg orheader, and a plurality of'superheater-pipes communicatingdirectly-therewith through both the front and back ends of lateralconnections.

24;. In a steam-boiler sufperheater, the

combination of a plurality o rated-steam headers and verticalsuperheated steam headers, a T-head extending transversely'in thesmokebox and having two and the superheated steam headers are,respectively, connected, and a plurality of pairs of superheater-pi esextendingin U form rearwardly from t e'hea'ders, the forward end of onepipe of each pair being connected to a saturated-steam header andtheother 'end to a superheated-steam header.

Witnesses:

ARTHUR JoBIN, JAs. M. POWELL.

vertical satu- FRANCIS J. coLn

